Bandung is the capital city of the West Java province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, Greater Bandung (Bandung Basin Metropolitan Area / BBMA) is the country's second-largest and most populous metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. Situated 768 m above sea level (the highest point in the North area is at an altitude of 1050 m, and the lowest in the South at 675 m above sea level), approximately 140 km southeast of Jakarta, Bandung has cooler year-round temperatures than most other Indonesian cities. The city lies in a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains that provide a natural defence system, which was the primary reason for the Dutch East Indies government's plan to move the capital from Batavia (modern-day Jakarta) to Bandung. Greater Bandung is also the ninth-largest economy in ASEAN, after Greater Hanoi.
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